Python Project: Guess a Number Game (Sharpen 6 Key Skills)

Implement Guess a Number Game in Python

If you implement a guess-a-number game in Python you will learn many aspects of programming.

1. Control flow. The game requires the use of conditional statements and loops to control the flow of the game based on user input and game logic.
2. Input and output handling. The game requires the handling of user input and displaying output to the user.
3. Random number generation. The game requires generating a random number that the user has to guess, which can teach the programmer how to generate random numbers in their code.
4. Debugging. Debugging is an important skill in programming, and implementing a guess-a-number game can help programmers practice debugging by identifying and fixing errors in their code.
5. User interface design. While a simple game like guess-a-number may not require a complex user interface, it can still teach the programmer the importance of designing a user-friendly interface for their programs.
6. Code organization. The game requires the organization of code into functions and modules, which can help the programmer learn how to write modular and reusable code.

Are you ready?

Project Description

In this tutorial we will create the classical game: Guess a Number.

The game can be described as follows.

• The computer generates a random number from 1 to 100.
• The user should guess it.
• If the user guesses correctly, it should print how many guesses the user used and the end.
• If the user guesses too low, print it.
• If the user guesses too big, print it.

Are you ready?

Step 1 Get a random number

Python has a standard library random.

An easy way to generate random numbers is by using randrange.

From the docs:

random.randrange(stop)

random.randrange(start, stop[, step])

Return a randomly selected element from range(start, stop, step).

Python docs

If you are familiar with range, this is straightforward to use.

We need a random number from the range of 1 to 100 (both inclusive). Two ways to get that are as follows.

from random import randrange  # will import randrange we use
# Gives a random integer from the range 1 to 100 (both inclusive)
random_number = randrange(100) + 1
# Alternatively
random_number = randrange(1, 101)

I prefer the first way of doing it.

Step 2 User interaction and checks

Now you need user interaction to create the guessing game.

A thing to notice is, that you don’t know how many times the user will use to guess the number.

One way to make an iterative approach is to use a while-loop and conditionals.

Another thing we need is to make sure that the input from the user is in the correct range.

from random import randrange
random_number = randrange(100) + 1
print("I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100 (both inclusive)")
while True:
    guess_str = input('What is your guess (1-100): ')
    guess = int(guess_str)
    
    if guess < 1:
        print('Out of bound')
        continue
        
    if guess > 100:
        print('Out of bound')
        continue

WARNING: the above code will continue forever, but we are not done with the project.

What to notice is, we use while True which generates an infinite loop.

We first use continue in the loop, if the user input is not in the expected bound. What continue does, is, it jumps up to the top of the loop and starts all over.

Step 3 The game

The full implementation of the game could be done as follows.

from random import randrange
random_number = randrange(100) + 1
guesses = 0
print("I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100 (both inclusive)")
while True:
    guess_str = input('What is your guess (1-100): ')
    guess = int(guess_str)
    
    if guess < 1:
        print('Out of bound')
        continue
        
    if guess > 100:
        print('Out of bound')
        continue
        
    guesses += 1
    
    if guess == random_number:
        print('Awesome! You guesses it!')
        print('You used', guesses, 'guesses')
        break
        
    elif guess < random_number:
        print('Too low')
    elif guess > random_number:
        print('Too high')

Notice that we use break to break out of the loop if the user guesses correctly.

Want more Python projects?

This is part of 19 Python Projects and you can create your own MAZE game and improve 4 core programming skills.

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